d simulate the bending process of a flat stell sheet in order to get the same shape. This can be really interesting so we can evaluate the material beheaviour, the deformation on the cross section a
nd explore big deformations in mecanics analysis of materials.
I am not a mecanical engineer nor a civil engineer, I´m an Architect and my interest is the construcction method and extracting the necesary information to consider fabricating the project.
I´m having conceptual challengings on the methodology for this simulation, so I will post a small overview of what I`ve done.
1.- Understanding the Geometry.
This is a sclupture by the Venezuelan/Hungarian/German artist Zoltan Kunckel (KuZo).
The shape is achieved bending a pre water cut square sheet of stainless steel. After bended manually, the different lashes are pulled on the opposite direction. New curvatures are produced after all is deployed.
2.- Reproducing the Shape digitally.
Using Karamba I built a definition to reproduce the produced by physical stress. This model served to find deformations that occur when a set of loads are applied to a mesh. Following this process will allow us to find a coherent and more natural cross section so then we could re-shape simulating the bending process of a piece of ductile material.
3.- Discretizing curve
Reducing the model to its simplest element is a key aspect of finite nonlinear analysis. Once our shape is already defined we can divide its principal characteristic of its principal given curve.
At this point I have already found the desired curve.
I Think the better strategy to simulate bending the steel sheet into this shape, is rationalize the curve and divide it finding the tangents one of the curve that compose this sort of parabola. bur i don`t know how to parametrize that in GH.
Please. If someone have a better Idea about this process I`ll glad to read sugestions.
Tomás Mena
…
rrect, the heat balance of a zone is always 0 = Qcool/heat + Qinf + Qvent + Qtrans + Qinternalgains + Qsol. These parameters also correspond with the readEPresult element. However, if i sum up these values there is a slight deviation.
The deviation is greater during daytimes and in winter, suggesting it has something to do with the heating values.
Attached you'll find an image of the energy plus outputs that I use and the resulting -.CSV file that I constructed. In this you'll see that the balance does not add up.
Am i missing some energy flows?
Thanks for the help.
Hour[H]
Qbal{kWh]
Qint[kWh]
Qsol[kWh]
Qinf[kWh]
Qvent[kWh]
Qtrans[kWh]
Tair[°C]
Tdrybulb[°C]
DIFFERENCE
1
3,039357
0,137702
0
-0,253218
-0,321929
-2,000028
20
5,1
0,601884
2
3,107099
0,125462
0
-0,247457
-0,315484
-1,881276
20
4,6
0,788344
3
3,181073
0,119342
0
-0,261765
-0,334485
-2,473788
20
4,3
0,230377
…
o, presso la sede Eurac e il TIS, nei giorni 21,22 e 23 maggio 2015.
Il processo di progettazione integrata è riconosciuto come metodo per ottenere gli elevati livelli di qualità oggi richiesti agli edifici. Con questo approccio diventano sempre più rilevanti il comfort visivo e la gestione dell’illuminazione naturale in relazione al risparmio energetico. Di fatto, il nuovo protocollo Leed v4 riconosce crediti ad hoc e conferma l’importanza della progettazione daylighting per “collegare gli occupanti con lo spazio esterno, rinforzare i ritmi circadiani, ridurre l’uso dell’illuminazione elettrica con l’introduzione della luce naturale negli spazi”.
Una progettazione robusta richiede l’uso di strumenti di simulazione efficaci e Radiance è riconosciuto come uno dei software con le capacità di fornire risultati affidabili. Radiance è utilizzato sia a livello di ricerca che tra i progettisti, ed è tra i più accurati per la simulazione professionale della luce naturale ed artificiale. Non ha limiti di complessità geometrica ed è adatto a essere integrato in altri software di calcolo e interfacce grafiche. Le principali e più versatili tra queste (DIVA4Rhino, plug-ins per Grasshopper e Rhinoceros3D), essendo in grado di facilitare notevolmente le procedure di programmazione, saranno oggetto del corso.
Il corso è rivolto a progettisti e ricercatori che vogliano acquisire strumenti pratici per la simulazione con Radiance al fine di mettere a punto e verificare le soluzioni più adatte alle proprie esigenze. Sono previste lezioni di teoria e pratica con esempi ed esercitazioni volte a coprire in modo dimostrativo ed interattivo i concetti trattati.
Il corso viene riconosciuto con 15 crediti dall’Ordine degli Architetti.
Le domande di iscrizione devono essere presentate entro il 27 aprile 2015.
Scarica la brochure con tutte le informazioni Corso Radiance - EURAC.pdf
Il corso è sponsorizzato da Pellinindustrie.…
2013 | mayo 30, 31 y 1 de junio. 15 Hrs.
Horario: 18:00 – 22.00 Jueves, Viernes y Sábado de 8:00 a 16:00 Hrs. Instructor_ Arch. David Hernández Melgarejo.
http://bioarchitecturestudio.wordpress.com
Objetivos:
El curso está dirigido a cada diseñador, ingeniero o arquitecto que quiere obtener una sólida base en modelado generativo y paramétrico dentro del flujo de trabajo en Rhinoceros.
En el curso se explorarán y construirán estructuras en el espacio paramétrico, incorporando entidades geométricas (Curvas, Superficies, Puntos, etc…) y usando patrones algorítmicos.
Cada paso será soportado con ejercicios que gradualmente incrementarán su complejidad.
El alumno aprenderá cómo trabajar con asociación geométrica y parámetros. Para perfeccionar asociación geométrica – asociación entre partes, asociación dinámica – las formas geométricas son generadas al seguir la conexión lógica entre la parte geométrica y su restricción, dimensión paramétrica y él proceso dinámico del diseño: en pocas palabras estimulamos el pensamiento relacional.
Resultados:
Los participantes con éste entrenamiento obtendrán las siguientes fundamentos.
· Construir, modificar, depurar y correr aplicaciones de Grasshopper.
· Comprender el editor gráfico algorítmico y sus patrones usando grupos y cables conectores.
· Trabajar con dimensiones dinámicas, parámetros y listas.
· Generar aplicaciones orientadas a la documentación del diseño y la fabricación.
Palabras clave:
Diseño Computacional, Scripting, Rhinoceros 5.0 + Grasshopper, Parametrización, Análisis, Fabricación Digital.
Para mayor información:
MArch. Kathrin Schröter. E-mail: kschroter@itesm.mx
Dirección de Arquitectura. Oficinas de Aulas 1, segundo piso.…
mers considering extreme sports reject mainstream retailers and like to check out small stores rather of at chains plus malls. Several smaller retailers discuss trends in sports shoe sales. http://skateszone.com/
Though athletic shoes and sports stores and from doorways retailers have reported somewhat uptick in footwear sales due to the increase in extreme sports, the particular beneficiaries inside the trend are independent surf and skate niche stores.
Some West Coast surf and skate shops stated teenagers and even more youthful Generation Xers are not only rejecting traditional sports, but they're also shunning mainstream retailers and malls meant for smaller niche shops transporting hard-to-come-by brands.
Eddie Miyoshi, district manager at Atomic Garage, a 3-store chain situated in Gardena, Calif., stated the soaring recognition of skateboard footwear has boosted the retailer's total footwear business 20-thirty percent this year, rather of '95.
Skate footwear presently represent 80-90 % of Atomic Garage's shoe sales, while couple of years back, Dr. Martens and Timberland drove the retailer's footwear business.
Like many retailers, Miyoshi pointed to Airwalk since the trend's catalyst.
However, if Airwalk broadened its distribution to larger chains, which are frequently located in malls, only a few skate shoe customers adopted. Rather, many youthful males have switched for your skate shops for additional elusive brands like Etnies, Duffs, and Electricity Footwear by Circus. By refusing to market bigger retailers or sports stores, these brands are increasing their cachet among youthful consumers.
"Kids don't want stuff which have been within the shops,In . Miyoshi added.
Searching ahead, Miyoshi forecasted skate shoe sales will remain strong through spring '97 provided "the [hot] vendors don't auction other [non-particularly shop] retailers."
"Skaters and non-skaters are rebelling against mainstream retailers so on to surf and skate shops for many looks," echoed Mark Richards, co-online sources Val Surf, a 3-store chain situated in North Hollywood, Calif. Soaring sales of skate footwear have driven total footwear receipts up 25 percent this year rather of '95.
"The quantity of that increase might be connected while using exposure of maximum games? I am unsure. [Skate footwear] may also be actually the think about the moment,In . Richards acknowledged. And in relation to getting this right look, youthful customers can be very picky.
"Skateboard footwear is a huge category for people, but we're not able to own the brands, Etnies, Duffs, Electricity and Nice, simply because they won't sell us," stated Mark Anderson, buyer at Chick's Sports, a six-store chain in Covina, Calif. "We have people coming every single day requesting them." Consequently, skate footwear have consistently ongoing to obtain about 5 % of Chick's overall footwear business. http://skateszone.com/the-top-8-best-skateboards-for-beginners-reviews-2017/
Nonetheless, some outdoors, niche sports and sports retailers are noting the growing recognition and coverage of maximum sports will receive a modest impact on footwear sales. Trailrunning footwear and approach/outdoors crosstrainers will be the two groups benefiting the very best inside the recognition. Like the skate shoe business, some retailers realize that styling instead of function frequently drives sales of individuals footwear.
"At this time the merchandise is a lot more visual than function," stated Chet James, gm of Super Jock 'N Jill, Dallas, speaking about trailrunning footwear. Still, James noted the current hype over adventure sports helps draw more customer traffic. "The marketing campaigns and media help bring growing figures of people in, nonetheless they frequently occasions day an issue that increases results on their own account,Inch he conceded.
John Wilkinson, executive vp inside the 85-store chain Track 'N Trail, Eldorado Hillsides, Calif., stated the shop has "seen some activity in approach footwear," but he requested the amount of consumers depend in it commercially sport. And, instead of accelerating total footwear business, Wilkinson speculated elevated sales of approach footwear and trailrunners are gnawing away at traditional hiking shoe and boot volume.
But Dan Bazinet, president of Overland Exchanging, a 34-store chain situated in Westford, Mass., believes the company-new looks have breathed existence for the wilting hiking boot category. "[Approach-type footwear] don't represent the lion's participate the hiking market, nonetheless they have elevated the hiking business and provided us extra sales," Bazinet stated.
He designated Timberland's Treeline Series and Rockport's Leadville line as strong performers. Unsurprisingly, he noted the company-new looks are attractive to youthful consumer base than traditional hikers.
For that month of June, sales of men's hikers were up 49 percent at Overland, rather of June '95, while sales of women's hikers were up 17 % for that month. Bazinet also attributed elevated sales that shops walked inside the hiking business, departing that business for that specialists.
Some retailers draw a good example concerning the hiking boom of two yrs ago combined with the current extreme sport phenomenon. "Plenty of bigger chains will get a specific percent in the industry while [extreme] sports remain a fad because they are selling cost-point type gear," described Steven Carre, assistant hard goods buyer at Adventure 16, a six-store chain situated in Hillcrest.
"However individuals [true enthusiasts] will say `we need real gear' and may shown up at us. That will help us after a while. What Size Skateboard good for an 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 year old
…
cribes a set of machine movements in X, Y and Z (Z being Pen Up and Pen Down) directions. It very closely related to G-code in this way - just slightly more simple than G-code overall.
For tool selection you use the Select Pen - SPx - command, x is the number of the pen you are using. As I'm using a vinyl cutter without a pen/tool changer I just use SP1 in the file header/ini of the cutter.
Without knowing the full spec of your machine it is hard to say for certain BUT all of my experience with CNC machines - of all sizes and spec levels - the actual control files are pretty much the same. Very simple text based HPGL or G-code text files run all motion control - even on things like 7 axis robot arms etc. For plotting I'd expect you'd be able to get a usable HPGL/PLT file without a lot of work - its just a matter of matching the file to what the machine is expecting.
To answer your question about getting the file to the printer its maybe best to explain it this way: there are two parts to this project1/ Create the correctly formatted text/hpgl/plt file ready to send to the printer2/ Send the file to printer
For part 1/ the procedure is:
Select the curves you want to printConvert the curves into a set of pointsFormat these points into HPGL Save this HPGL as a text file
For 2/ we need a way to stream the text file to a printer port
To do this I've used an old dos command line technique that allows allow you to 'copy' a text file to a printer LPT or COM port:
copy /b c:\spool\ini.plt LPT1
Type the above into a DOS command line and it will send a text file called ini.plt to the printer on LPT1 port. As you'll see in my attached code I use os.system calls in my python code to send files when needed.
So your original code was doing some strange things with the conversion from curves to points. Lines/Polylines were OK - with the code just using the line end points. For curves and polycurves the code code was exploding these into segments and then dividing into set of points. However this led to two issues: - curves that started off as closed polycurves would end up being plotted as open curve segments - which is not very good for a cut file and not very smooth for a plot file.- the division of the curves to points was by distance - and if this wasn't an exact division of the length of the curve the end point would not match up with the next line - again not ideal for a cutting file which needs to be a closed curve.
To solve the above I changed to using rs.ConvertCurveToPolyline - with the tolerance set to match the HPGL resolution of 0.025mm - this converts all curves needed to plot to polylines, leaves everything closed and ends points line up perfectly.
I had one other problem with my setup - I ran into a file size/curve number/plotting points upper limit. A small number of curves would cut/plot fine, however at a certain number in one file the print driver would throw an error and the plotter would not even start plotting the file. I could not work out where is the system this limit was being imposed. The current working version of my code is attached - it gets around this file size limit by creating a separate print file for each curve required and sending them to the plotter in sequence. Not as completely tidy as I'd like as it flashes up a cmd window on every loop - but plots/cuts are perfect.
The final 'nice touch' for the project is I've created a custom tool bar button to run the script - all I have to do to cut a file is hit the button on the tool bar, select the curves and hit enter = SO EASY!
I've attached my latest code, a sample HPGL file to plot a rectangle, and a screen shot of setting up the custom toolbar button.
Cheers
DK…
you will need to deal with all of the curves that intersect the boundry curve, but you will also need to sort through all of the circles inside because the planar surface algorithm won't sort those out for you. The good news is that because you are using circles and linear segments, you can use "pure" geometry equations for some of these intersections instead of relying on NURBS curve "physical" intersections. In the end this means faster and also "more" reliable intersections (especially with the circles).
Method 1: Dealing with everything as a phyisical curve...
First things first, i guess the "easiest" way to do this would be to translate everything into an OnCurve derived class, and then use the IntersectCurve method to find the intersections. You will need to sort through the resulting ArrayON_XEVENT to find the parameter of each intersection. There should always be 2 intersections, and you're always going to be interested in the intersections of the circle not the boundry curve.
To trim the curves, you'll want to use the Split method along with one of the parameters on the curve that you retrieved from the intersection. The only issue is that the split method gets a bit complicated when using it on closed curves. You could either split at both parameters that you retrieved from the intersection results, then sort through the 3 resulting curves to join the two that you need. Or move the start point of the circle to where one of the intersection points happened, translate the other intersection point to the new curve parameter (ie the parameter will be a different number, but it will be physically in the same place), then split with that new curve parameter.
Method 2: Try and work with the circles as circles
Because you can tell if a circle intersects something by seing if the distance to its center point is less than the radius of the circle, this might be a quicker way to go. If you have the boundry curve as an OnCurve derived class, then you can use the GetClosestPoint method and use all of the center points for each of the circles. The nice thing is that after the 3Dpoint in, and the parameter on the curve that you'll get out, you have the option of supplying a maximum distance. If you do supply that value (use the radius of the circles), then you'll only get a result when the distance is less than or equal to that value. In which case there will be an intersection.
To go even further, you can treat the segments of the boundry curve each as a line, and find the closest point/distance to that. That's maybe more complex than your looking to go, but speed wise, it might just be worth it. Take a look at the following link for more code/discussion on the subject.
http://www.codeguru.com/forum/showthread.php?t=194400
Part 2: Circle-Circle intersections
If you're going to want to make a planar surface out of those circes and the boundry curve, then you'll need to resolve all of the intersections that you have there. Again this is probably something that would be best taken care of by doing some distance tests between the center points of all the circles and seeing if that distance is less than the radius your using. After you've found circles that intersect, you can be try intersecting the curves using the same method mentioned above, or even manually generating the intersection with some trig, but ultimately creating a final result might take a bit of work, especially where you have more than two circles intersecting. The "lazy" way out of this is what's used by the curve boolean command, which is to take each individual curve, make a planar surface from that individual curve, and use standard Rhino booleans to get the result. Luckily you're looking for the union of all those areas, which will be the easiest to create and deal with. After you create the planar surface of each one (RhUtil.RhinoMakePlanarBreps), you can use either RhUtil.RhinoBooleanUnion or the more specialized version, RhUtil.RhPlanarRegionUnion. Note that RhPlanarRegionUnion only takes 2 breps at a time and needs the plane of the intersection.…
occur more than once in the same list, and different elements with identical values can occur more than once. Also, a list may contain lack of elements, referred to as "nulls".
Sets. Strictly speaking a Set is a mathematical construct which adheres to a strict collection of rules and limitations. Basically, a Set is the same as a List, with the exception that it cannot contain the same element more than once, or indeed two or more different elements with the same values. You see, in mathematics there is no difference between a value and an instance of that value, they are the same thing. In programming however it is possible to store the number 7 in more than one spot in the RAM. Grasshopper does not enforce this rule very strongly though, you can use a lot of Set components on lists that have multiple occurrences of the same value. The big difference between Lists and Sets in Grasshopper is that Sets are only defined for simple data types that have trivial equality comparisons. Basically: booleans, integers, numbers, complex numbers, strings, points, vectors, colours and intervals. Lists can contain all kinds of data.
Strings. Strings are text. There's nothing more to it. I don't know why early programmers chose to call them strings, but I suppose it's a better description of the memory representation of them. Strings are essentially sequences of individual characters.
Trees. Trees are the way all data is stored in Grasshopper. Even when you only have a single item, it will still be stored in a tree. A tree is a sorted collection of lists, where each list is identified by a path. A specific path can only occur once in a tree, when you merge two trees together, lists with identical paths are appended to each other. Trees are an attempt to losslessly represent not just the data itself, but also the history of that data. Imagine you have 4 curves {A,B,C,D} and you divide each into 3 points {X,Y,Z}. Then, for each of those points you create a new line segment {X',Y',Z'} and then divide each of those line segments again into 5 points each {K,L,M,N,O}. The way data is stored in trees, it should be possible to figure out whether a point M belongs to X' or to Z', and whether that X' or Z' came from A, B, C or D. This is why paths are often quite long after a while, because they encode a lot of history.
Paths. A Path is nothing more than a list of integers. It's denoted using curly brackets and semi-colons: {A;B;...;Z}. A Path should never be empty {} or have negative integers {0;-1}, but it is certainly possible to create a path like this and it probably won't even crash Grasshopper. Paths are 'grown' by components that (potentially) create more than one output value for a single input value. For example Divide Curve. It creates N points for every single input curve. In cases like this a new integer is appended to the end of the path.
In the next release the Path logic in Grasshopper is somewhat different. I fixed a number of obscure bugs (hopefully without introducing new fresh bugs) and special cased certain operations to somewhat reduce the speed at which paths grow. This may well break files that rely on a specific tree layout, but I hope the temporary sacrifice will be worth the long-term benefits.
--
David Rutten
david@mcneel.com
Poprad, Slovakia…
ake a network of lines (i.e. a graph) and make a Plankton Mesh, from which you can use Cytoskeleton to make a solid mesh (and then smooth it with Weaverbird).
Works with ngons (polygons with 3 or more sides). Other examples I found only worked with tris and quads.
Works on open or closed surfaces
While these examples start with a surface, you could start with a network of lines and make a patch surface
This is meant for 2D networks/surfaces. I haven't attempted filling a 3D volume. My guess is this wouldn't work as it would require a non-manifold mesh that Plankton wouldn't handle.
Note similar results could be achieved with the following:
TSplines
MeshDual (dual of a tri mesh, not as much freedom/control)
Working backwards, here is the GhPython script from Will Pearson that builds a Plankton Mesh from vertices and faces. The vertices are a list of 3D coordinates, the faces are a tree a lists, with each list containing the indices of vertices that form a closed loop. From Will, "Plankton only handles manifold meshes, i.e. meshes which have a front and a back. This orientation is determined by the "right-hand rule" i.e. if the vertices of a face are ordered counter-clockwise then the face normal will be out of the page/screen."
# V: list of Point3d # F: tree of int
import Grasshopper appdata = Grasshopper.Folders.DefaultAssemblyFolder
import clr clr.AddReferenceToFileAndPath(appdata + "Plankton.dll")
import Plankton
pmesh = Plankton.PlanktonMesh()
for pt in V: pmesh.Vertices.Add(pt.X, pt.Y, pt.Z)
for face in F.Branches: face = list(face)[:-1] pmesh.Faces.AddFace(face)
These vertices and faces are precisely the output from Starling. Starling takes in a list of Polylines which form the (properly oriented) face loops.
The polyline face loops can be generated...
Directly from Panels on a surface using LunchBox
Using any network of lines/curves on a surface (curves will need to be converted to polylines before Starling)
The latter was achieved using the Surface Split command, then converting the face edges (converted to curves) into polyline loops to represent faces.
…