is set up to manipulate strings into an STL file that is quite different from how Grasshopper defines meshes, in that an STL seems to define each face by XYZ points, Grasshopper wants a single list of all vertex points and then has an allied lists of topological connectivity according to vertex number, so for now I just hacked it to spit out points minus so many duplicates it generates for STL:
Right now it has an internal 3D trigonometric function I added input sliders to control, that creates surfaces that look a lot like molecular orbitals.
So how do I make a mesh? I failed to make a single mesh face from each STL face since AddMesh seems to want a list, so I tried making a single list and matching it with a simple ((1,2,3),(4,5,6),(7,8,9)...) array of connectivity but it hasn't worked yet since the STL list of vertices has duplicates that won't work for Grasshopper and removing the duplicates scrambles the connectivity relation.
After some work on this and seeing the output, I figure I could just randomly populate the mathematical function with points instead, unless it really gives a better mesh result than other routines. I'm not sure what to do with it yet, even if I get the mesh figured out.
import rhinoscriptsyntaximport RhinoPOINTS_CONTAINER =[]POINTS = []class Vector: # struct XYZ def __init__(self,x,y,z): self.x=x self.y=y self.z=z def __str__(self): return str(self.x)+" "+str(self.y)+" "+str(self.z) class Gridcell: # struct GRIDCELL def __init__(self,p,n,val): self.p = p # p=[8] self.n = n # n=[8] self.val = val # val=[8] class Triangle: # struct TRIANGLE def __init__(self,p1,p2,p3): self.p = [p1, p2, p3] # vertices # HACK TO GRAB VERTICES FOR PYTHON OUTPUT POINTS_CONTAINER.append( (p1.x,p1.y,p1.z) ) POINTS_CONTAINER.append( (p2.x,p2.y,p2.z) ) POINTS_CONTAINER.append( (p3.x,p3.y,p3.z) )# return a 3d list of values def readdata(f=lambda x,y,z:x*x+y*y+z*z,size=5.0,steps=11): m=int(steps/2) ki = [] for i in range(steps): kj = [] for j in range(steps): kd=[] for k in range(steps): kd.append(f(size*(i-m)/m,size*(j-m)/m,size*(k-m)/m)) kj.append(kd) ki.append(kj) return ki from math import sin,cos,exp,atan2 def lobes(x,y,z): try: theta = atan2(x,y) # sin t = o except: theta = 0 try: phi = atan2(z,y) except: phi = 0 r = x*x+y*y+z*z ct=cos(PARAMETER_A * theta) cp=cos(PARAMETER_B * phi) return ct*ct*cp*cp*exp(-r/10) def main(): data = readdata(lobes,10,40) isolevel = 0.1 #print(data) triangles=[] for i in range(len(data)-1): for j in range(len(data[i])-1): for k in range(len(data[i][j])-1): p=[None]*8 val=[None]*8 #print(i,j,k) p[0]=Vector(i,j,k) val[0] = data[i][j][k] p[1]=Vector(i+1,j,k) val[1] = data[i+1][j][k] p[2]=Vector(i+1,j+1,k) val[2] = data[i+1][j+1][k] p[3]=Vector(i,j+1,k) val[3] = data[i][j+1][k] p[4]=Vector(i,j,k+1) val[4] = data[i][j][k+1] p[5]=Vector(i+1,j,k+1) val[5] = data[i+1][j][k+1] p[6]=Vector(i+1,j+1,k+1) val[6] = data[i+1][j+1][k+1] p[7]=Vector(i,j+1,k+1) val[7] = data[i][j+1][k+1] grid=Gridcell(p,[],val) triangles.extend(PolygoniseTri(grid,isolevel,0,2,3,7)) triangles.extend(PolygoniseTri(grid,isolevel,0,2,6,7)) triangles.extend(PolygoniseTri(grid,isolevel,0,4,6,7)) triangles.extend(PolygoniseTri(grid,isolevel,0,6,1,2)) triangles.extend(PolygoniseTri(grid,isolevel,0,6,1,4)) triangles.extend(PolygoniseTri(grid,isolevel,5,6,1,4)) def t000F(g, iso, v0, v1, v2, v3): return [] def t0E01(g, iso, v0, v1, v2, v3): return [Triangle( VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v0],g.p[v1],g.val[v0],g.val[v1]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v0],g.p[v2],g.val[v0],g.val[v2]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v0],g.p[v3],g.val[v0],g.val[v3])) ] def t0D02(g, iso, v0, v1, v2, v3): return [Triangle( VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v1],g.p[v0],g.val[v1],g.val[v0]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v1],g.p[v3],g.val[v1],g.val[v3]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v1],g.p[v2],g.val[v1],g.val[v2])) ] def t0C03(g, iso, v0, v1, v2, v3): tri=Triangle( VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v0],g.p[v3],g.val[v0],g.val[v3]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v0],g.p[v2],g.val[v0],g.val[v2]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v1],g.p[v3],g.val[v1],g.val[v3])) return [tri,Triangle( tri.p[2], VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v1],g.p[v2],g.val[v1],g.val[v2]), tri.p[1]) ] def t0B04(g, iso, v0, v1, v2, v3): return [Triangle( VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v2],g.p[v0],g.val[v2],g.val[v0]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v2],g.p[v1],g.val[v2],g.val[v1]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v2],g.p[v3],g.val[v2],g.val[v3])) ] def t0A05(g, iso, v0, v1, v2, v3): tri = Triangle( VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v0],g.p[v1],g.val[v0],g.val[v1]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v2],g.p[v3],g.val[v2],g.val[v3]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v0],g.p[v3],g.val[v0],g.val[v3])) return [tri,Triangle( tri.p[0], VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v1],g.p[v2],g.val[v1],g.val[v2]), tri.p[1]) ] def t0906(g, iso, v0, v1, v2, v3): tri=Triangle( VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v0],g.p[v1],g.val[v0],g.val[v1]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v1],g.p[v3],g.val[v1],g.val[v3]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v2],g.p[v3],g.val[v2],g.val[v3])) return [tri, Triangle( tri.p[0], VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v0],g.p[v2],g.val[v0],g.val[v2]), tri.p[2]) ] def t0708(g, iso, v0, v1, v2, v3): return [Triangle( VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v3],g.p[v0],g.val[v3],g.val[v0]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v3],g.p[v2],g.val[v3],g.val[v2]), VertexInterp(iso,g.p[v3],g.p[v1],g.val[v3],g.val[v1])) ] trianglefs = {7:t0708,8:t0708,9:t0906,6:t0906,10:t0A05,5:t0A05,11:t0B04,4:t0B04,12:t0C03,3:t0C03,13:t0D02,2:t0D02,14:t0E01,1:t0E01,0:t000F,15:t000F} def PolygoniseTri(g, iso, v0, v1, v2, v3): triangles = [] # Determine which of the 16 cases we have given which vertices # are above or below the isosurface triindex = 0; if g.val[v0] < iso: triindex |= 1 if g.val[v1] < iso: triindex |= 2 if g.val[v2] < iso: triindex |= 4 if g.val[v3] < iso: triindex |= 8 return trianglefs[triindex](g, iso, v0, v1, v2, v3) def VertexInterp(isolevel,p1,p2,valp1,valp2): if abs(isolevel-valp1) < 0.00001 : return(p1); if abs(isolevel-valp2) < 0.00001 : return(p2); if abs(valp1-valp2) < 0.00001 : return(p1); mu = (isolevel - valp1) / (valp2 - valp1) return Vector(p1.x + mu * (p2.x - p1.x), p1.y + mu * (p2.y - p1.y), p1.z + mu * (p2.z - p1.z)) if __name__ == "__main__": main() # GRASSHOPPER PYTHON OUTPUTPOINTS = rhinoscriptsyntax.AddPoints(POINTS_CONTAINER)POINTS = rhinoscriptsyntax.CullDuplicatePoints(POINTS)…
ntrol points in Rhino.
Also, I forgot to mention in part 1 that when doing the directional subdivision, depending on how you drew your input mesh, there is a chance that it gets divided in the wrong direction, and you end up with something like this:
Which is not what we want.
The simple way to fix this is with the MeshTurn component, which rotates the direction of each face by one side:
Now we can use physical relaxation to smooth our mesh. In this example I show a simple tensile relaxation, so it will be negatively curved, but the same principles can be applied to all sorts of surfaces by using different combinations of forces.
The definition for the relaxation is attached below.
There are 3 main groups of forces used:
Planarization
For the mesh to be able to unroll properly into flat strips, we want each of the thin rectangles to be flat.
Springs
I already showed how the WarpWeft splitting can be used to assign different strengths to control the shape of a mesh here. Now because of the uneven subdivision we have very different numbers of edges in each direction, so the strengths have to account for this. Depending on the level of subdivision used and the shape you want to achieve, you may need to set the Weft stiffness to be 10 to 100 times that of the Warp.
Edge Smoothing
Because our subdivided mesh has square ends, we might not want to simply anchor the boundary, so I've shown how we can force them to become more circular, while still staying in place. Each boundary curve gets pulled onto its best fit plane, while also applying bending to round it out, and springs to keep it from shrinking.
(This part could also be achieved in other ways, such as pulling the boundary vertices to a curve)
When we run this relaxation, the shape should smooth out to something like this:
Play with the tensions and boundaries until you are happy with the result, wait for it to stop moving, then stop the timer. (Remember it is very important to always stop the timer once the relaxation has finished, before continuing working with the output, as otherwise Grasshopper becomes very slow, because Kangaroo is constantly resolving, even if no movement is visible).
If you want to try other shapes than tensile surfaces, you could also use forces such as bending, laplacian smoothing, or pulling to some target surface to control the form.
Next - Part 3 splitting and unrolling
…
ively and creatively solve today’s product development challenges.
Our Rhino3D Foundations for Industrial Design class provides an in-depth look at 2D and 3D tools and methods with Rhino3D, a NURBs surface modeling software. In this class, we will systematically work through Rhino3D’s core features, using them to model the various components of a consumer product. Over the course of 3 days, we’ll cover some foundational topics, including Rhino interface and navigation, Rhino3D object types and properties, creating and editing 2D and 3D geometry, procedural modeling, automation, transforming geometry, Rhino modeling best practices, freeform vs. precision modeling, and exporting geometry.
You’ll take away the following:
Navigate the Rhino modeling environment
Create, edit, and modify curves, surfaces, and solids
Precision model using coordinate input and object snaps
Use transformation and universal deformation tools
Apply best practices for layer management and model annotation
Download the course one-pager. Need more information? Connect with us.
This class is ideal for:
Industrial designers who are new to Rhino3D and want to learn its concepts and technical features in an instructor-led environment.
For groups of 10 or more, contact Mode Lab at hello@modelab.is
Interested in additional training options?
https://www.modelab.is/upcoming-computational-design-events…
ng in Grasshopper?
As a general recommendation for developers in Grasshopper who are writing a part of their library which is performance-sensitive (please note: often the performance sensitive part is very limited) is to write it in C#, or maybe even C, or maybe even assembly :). Of course, the closer to the machine you will be, the easier it will be to harness all minimal optimizations. However, there is always a compromise between "getting things done" and "making them best" and this boundary is not very easy to catch, right?
If you want to have significant speed improvements for numerical calculations, I would at least recommend developing with C# in a compiled component using Visual Studio or SharpDevelop. The reason is: in order to provide the line number of possible errors, Grasshopper compiles C# scripts in debug mode! They will be much less optimized than what is possible even with today's technology. This does not preclude keeping the project open-source, if that is one of your goals.
Regarding the actual list:
1) Yes, the implied loop will probably be slower than just a simple for loop. This is because Grasshopper code has to keep track of more things than the ones you could be considering with your knowledge of of your very-special case. However, a factor of 10 is simply not acceptable and is likely a symptom of something else. In fact, I think I remember fixing a bug around that in Rhino WIP. However, it appears to be still slower also there. I've added a bugtracking item here.
2) If you are able to do all casts that are involved, and do them as Grasshopper does, please write that code that way. For example, if you supply a curve to an input with number hint, Grasshopper computes the length of the curve. There will have to be an "if" that checks if the input is a curve somewhere (or some similar construct). This aid for designers is what slows down the hint input.
3) Grasshopper has to keep side effects at bay. For example, components B and C are both connected to outputs of A. If you edit data in component B, and that data came from A you of course expect that data to be unchanged in C. This means that, for even lists of numbers, Grasshopper has to perform a deep copy of the output for each input. Otherwise, what happens if B sorts the list and C finds the index of the smallest number? This could be improved if GH components had some way of flagging themselves as non-data-mutating (constant). The fact that, by supplying special types, Grasshopper has no way of performing copies will likely speed things up. But be aware of possibly very annoying side effects creeping in if data is not immutable. Another option is performing the copy "optimally", just where you need it, because you know where your data is used. This is not information that is available to GH at present.
Does this help?
Thanks again for your input,
Giulio--Giulio Piacentinofor Robert McNeel & Associatesgiulio@mcneel.com…
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Defines enumerated values for all implemented corner styles in curve offsets.
Namespace: Rhino.GeometryAssembly: RhinoCommon (in RhinoCommon.dll) Version: 5.1.30000.12 (5.0.20693.0)
Syntax
C#
public enum CurveOffsetCornerStyle
Visual Basic
Public Enumeration CurveOffsetCornerStyle
Members
Member name
Value
Description
None
0
The dafault value.
Sharp
1
Offsets and extends curves with a straight line until they intersect.
Round
2
Offsets and fillets curves with an arc of radius equal to the offset distance.
Smooth
3
Offsets and connects curves with a smooth (G1 continuity) curve.
Chamfer
4
Offsets and connects curves with a straight line between their endpoints.
…
serveral questions:the first thing is in c++ i have to implement more methods than in my c# test project.
they are:
int MyGhComponent::MasterParameterIndex::get(){ return 0;}void MyGhComponent::MasterParameterIndex::set(int index){ }bool MyGhComponent::IsValidMasterParameterIndex::get(){ return 1;}
i found no hint for the implementation of that interfaces. could someone tell me that is correct ?OK, it works, but is it well writen ? What is the MasterParameterIndex?
the second "bigger" problem is, i want to have an output of an pointlist.X y Z 1.2 1.3 1.12.1 5.2 9.2...
my first approch was to use a
void MyGhComponent::RegisterOutputParams(GH_Component::GH_OutputParamManager^ pManager){pManager->Register_PointParam("Coordinate", "XYZ", "Node-Coordinate");}
and
void MyGhComponent::SolveInstance(IGH_DataAccess^ DA){Collections::Generic::List<GH_IO::Types::GH_Point3D>^ pnt = gcnew Collections::Generic::List<GH_IO::Types::GH_Point3D>(); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { GH_IO::Types::GH_Point3D^ point = gcnew GH_IO::Types::GH_Point3D(i, i, i); pnt->Add(i); } DA->SetDataList(3, pnt);}
but this exampel doesn't work...i wirte a small workaround and use the following
pManager->Register_DoubleParam("X-Koordinate", "X", "X"); pManager->Register_DoubleParam("Y-Koordinate", "Y", "Y"); pManager->Register_DoubleParam("Z-Koordinate", "Z", "Z"); Collections::Generic::List<double>^ pntx= gcnew Collections::Generic::List<double>(); Collections::Generic::List<double>^ pnty= gcnew Collections::Generic::List<double>(); Collections::Generic::List<double>^ pntz= gcnew Collections::Generic::List<double>(); ... add .. ect.
this workaround do the job, but i want a better soulution. and i know somewhere out there sould be a better solution. i want to use 3D Points directly in GH without list conversation.
so somebody a familiar with c++ / cli ? and could give me some tipps or a soulution ?
the first thing is: what is the right RegisterOutputParams ?
and witch data type is the right ? Point3d doesn't work. so i try GH_IO::Types::GH_Point3D and Rhino::Geometry::Point3d ...
br Friedrich…
ipe Pecegueiro Type of participants Students, graduate students, researchers, professionals Duration 2 days, Sat – Sun Prerequisites 1 / participants skills Experience in Rhino and Grasshopper; programming experience with Processing or Arduino IDE is recommended but not necessary Prerequisites 2 / hardware Participants should bring their own computer with Windows XP or 7 64 bit OS Prerequisites 3 / software Rhinoceros Version 4 sr9, Grasshopper 0.8.0050, Arduino IDE, Processing, Google Earth* *Software versions should be the most updated versions at the time of the workshop. Rhino 5 is also acceptable. Description An associative model is only as relevant as the information it seeks to manage. This workshop will engage the associative model by feeding it with real time and real world data captured through prefabricated sensor nodes known as the Ambient Sensor Kit (ASKit). The ASKit is an Open Hardware platform for personal data collection and sharing. The ASKit project is based on the premise that a personal understanding of the information around us is key to a sustainable and informed habitation of our environment. http://uask.it. Workshop participants will be working with Grasshopper, a generative,logic based design environment where participants will be able associate real world data to their models. Several other tools will be employed including Processing, Pachube, Google Earth, and gHowl (a set of custom components which extend the functionality of Grasshopper). This two day workshop will focus on a specific area in Berlin to understand, through data, the differences between the physical barriers and invisible forces which define certain urban functions. The participants will engage in: - environmental data collection - site surveying with open hardware/DIY electronics - data visualization and analysis - associative modeling with collected data Day 1: Demonstration of ASKit hardware platform for data collection and associative modeling. Data capture session in specific zones in Berlin. Data visualization and associative modeling in Grasshopper. Day 2: Focused Data Capture Session Directed projects applying associative modeling with collected data.…
Added by Luis Fraguada at 11:34am on August 23, 2011
he time to work with it.
the project is about facade strips which turns along height. the top angle is
parallel to the facade and the bottom is max. 90 degrees twisted, but the strips
should turn diffrently to achieve more dinamic look.
first i have tried to achieve this by calculating distance between the rotation angle from points of the grid and a single point.
then i have tried to ad some more effecting points and used the distance to the divided surface (the circles are just to control the area of effection):
i manually lofted it.
the result is a bit annoying becouse the points that effect the angle are always visible:
i have triend to solve this by drawing a line and divided it to recieve points along the bottom of the geometry. the result is not working properly:
Anyway,
there must be a better/smoother way to achieve this. i would like to effect the twist of the surfaces by distance to a spline, but im just lost. can you help me please?
the problems im encountering:
0- distance spline to grid to effect the angle
1- list of x/y coordinates and angle of rotation for each point of the grid
2- export points to excel
3- lofting lines in one direction only (x1, x2, x3...)
4- reduce the list data to 2 decimal (0,00)
5- maybe angle from radian to degrees
thx…
each face of the mesh, but apparentely rhinoscriptsyntax.MeshVertexColors doesn't give me an output I can read and use , and same goes when I try to use rhinoscriptsyntax.ColorHLSToRGB command
look:
import rhinoscriptsyntax as rs
rs.Command("_selmesh")
rs.Command("unweld 0")
rs.UnselectAllObjects
rs.AddLayer("MainMesh")#'pick Mesh which is unwelded at 0strObject = rs.GetObject("Select mesh", 32)#'store mesh in base layerrs.ObjectLayer(strObject,"MainMesh")#' get the face vertices of the mesharrFaces = rs.MeshFaces(strObject, True)#'get the vertex colors of the meshcolor = rs.MeshVertexColors(strObject)
i = 0
arrFace = []arrHLS = []arrFaceVertices2 = []
while i <= len(arrFaces)-1:''''''arrFace.append(arrFaces[i]) ''''''arrFace.append(arrFaces[i+1]) ''''''arrFace.append(arrFaces[i+2]) ''''''arrFace.append(arrFaces[i+3]) ''''''arrHLS.append(rs.ColorRGBToHLS(color[i])) ''''''print(color[i]) ''''''print arrHLS
'''''' i = i + 4
''''''arrFace = [] ''''''arrHLS = [] ''''''arrFaceVertices2 = []
############
The result I get is :
Color [A=255, R=55, G=55, B=55][<Rhino.Display.ColorHSL object at 0x00000000000001F7 [Rhino.Display.ColorHSL]>]Color [A=255, R=55, G=55, B=55][<Rhino.Display.ColorHSL object at 0x00000000000001F8 [Rhino.Display.ColorHSL]>]Color [A=255, R=55, G=55, B=55][<Rhino.Display.ColorHSL object at 0x00000000000001F9 [Rhino.Display.ColorHSL]>]Color [A=255, R=59, G=59, B=59][<Rhino.Display.ColorHSL object at 0x00000000000001FA [Rhino.Display.ColorHSL]>]Color [A=255, R=55, G=55, B=55][<Rhino.Display.ColorHSL object at 0x00000000000001FB [Rhino.Display.ColorHSL]>]
But if I try to get color[i][0] I get an error, how can I access to the numbers RGB or the HLS one as numbers?
Thanks a lot!
V.…
n be moved to the appropriate place. The files are sensitive, but I can email them directly to you if you like.
1/ Contouring (and also Brep/Plane Intersection) generates non-closed curves from a closed brep (the screenshot actually shows a surface instead of a brep, but the same thing happens):
2/ Contour generates non-planar curves (one is also open, see below). This is very disturbing because it cannot be used to create a 'boundary surface'.
3/ Offset doesn't return all results. This seems like more of a rhinocommon problem. It always returns a valid result, but often not the one I want. Better would be to return all results and let me choose what I want.
4/ Fillet issues. See image below, the fillet component works fine up to a certain radius and then the one on the right disappears completely (presumably the radius is too large so it gives up). However, if I use the FilletAtParameter component, the fillet works at each of these points but it won't do all of the fillets at once (regardless of how I arrange the data tree). My work around at this point is to get it to fillet each of the sharp bits separately and then RegionUnion all the curves together, which is incredibly slow.
5/ There is no ExtrudeTapered component, so I wrote a quick VB.Net component to expose this functionality. Firstly: I cannot for the life of me figure out what the "Base Point" input does. This seems to have no impact on the result and the documentation is missing. Secondly: giving it a non-unitized vector does very strange things to the result.
Thank you for your help!
Steven
…