r reference, I uploaded a testfile with labels A to F that shows this issues.
When selecting some objects and pressing the middle mouse button, a button for clustering appears. The inputs and outputs of clusters created with this immense useful function cannot be tagged.
1.
Set up a cluster like in A with inputs/outputs, tag the inputs/outputs with double click, cluster it, the inputs of the clusters B are correctly labeled.
double-click the cluster to edit it, double-click the input to edit the label, edit, save-and-close cluster - the new label doesn't appear at the input. Maybe I'm doing something wrong?
2.
select the objects to be clustered like in C, middle-mouse-button, cluster selection, the result can be seen in D. Again, double-click the cluster to edit it, edit the labels - nothing happens.
3.
This has to do with the visibility of clustered components. E shows two clusters that cannot be displayed, no matter if they are set to visible or not (it's the same component imported from my library, copied, disentangled and made inside visible one time). I believe I created it like method C.
I tried different cases (that's why there are so many differently visible variations in the file), but cannot reproduce this error.
best regards, Laurenz…
s to load from file (from 0 to 1)
So this post is about masks.
Rhino Point Clouds can store information such as : location of a point, it's color and normal vector. It is common to store intensity values, but it is not supported in Rhino.
Mask characters :
x y z - location
u v w - normal
r g b - color
a - intensity
Let's say that your file is formatted such as :
10.000 ; 12.000 ; 20.053 ; 0.243
which means it stores location and intensity values.
A proper mask will inform Load Cloud component how to read those values
x;y;z;a
The first non-alphabetic character in the mask is automatically interpreted as the separator.
Same masks work with Save Cloud component. Note that it has D input which when set to True will make it surround all the values in double-quotes.
"10.000" ; "12.000" ; "20.053" ; "0.243"
Cloud Load doesn't care about those double-quotes, it just ignores them and proceeds to read the values without them.…
reaky thing consisting from triangulated "modules" (i.e an assembly out of this, this and that) where the exterior edges ARE always under tension (= SS 304/316 cables OR nylon) and the interior ones MAY be under compression ( = steel, aluminum, wood, carbon) OR ... some of them ...may be under tension. Bastardized T trusses deviate a bit from theory ... but who cares? (not me anyway). T trusses have many variants (but as the greatest ever said: Less is More).
2. Large scale T for AEC is the art of pointless since it costs around the GNP of Nigeria. Here's some indicative components from a module of a multi adjustable TX system costing (the module) ~ the price of my Panigale (Google that):
The above is mailed to a friend who has MIT (yes, that MIT: the top dog) on sight ... therefor he needs some appropriate "credentials", he he.
3. The distance that separates the above with the demo TDT node provided is around 666.666 miles - but we don't care: we are after Art not some testimony to vanity.
4. On purpose I've used a smallish ring to give you a clear indication upon the constrain numero uno in truss design: CLASH matters.
5. You'll need:
(a) A decision related with the tensioners (classic Norseman + SS cables or nylon machined thingies?).
(b) A machinist who can do elementary stuff (like the adapters) and can weld this to that (the "ring" for instance). His abilities must be 1 in a scale of 100. If the fella has a computer (not a CRAY) and he knows what 3dPDF is (hmm) ... well ... use that way to communicate with him PRIOR designing anything: He must agree on the parts BEFORE the whole is attempted (as a design in GH or in some other app).
(c) A carpenter with a wood lathe for the obvious. BTW: BEFORE doing any TDT attempt > ask the carpenter about the available wood strut sizes. Against popular belief DO NOT varnish the wood (use exterior alkyd/oil stains from some top maker like the notorious US company PPG).
http://www.ppgpaints.com/products/paints-stains-data-sheets
(d) Good quality cigars (and espresso) plus some classic music (ZZTop, PFloyd, Cure, Stones, U2 etc etc) during the assembly.
(e) Faith to the Dark Side (see my avatar).
May the Force (the dark option) be with you.…
llet Distance]
[Slider=0..1..10]-->[D][Fillet Distance]
[Slider=1..5..20]-->[F][Unit Z]
[Fillet Distance][C]-->[B][Extrude]
[Unit Z][V]-->[D][Extrude]
This still leaves the problem of having more than one of a single component on the canvas. Referral can be made unambiguous by simply picking the most recent component with the same name. But how do you indicate you want a second Polyline component?
Possible solutions:
Separators in the text:[Point=SetMultiplePoints]-->[V][Polyline]----------------------------------[Point=SetMultiplePoints]-->[V][Polyline]
Keywords or symbols to indicate the creation of a new component rather than the re-use of an existing one:new [Point=SetMultiplePoints]--> new [V][Polyline]new [Point=SetMultiplePoints]--> new [V][Polyline]
(2) is a lot more flexible and (1) may not work at all as it will prevent any reuse above and below the separator.
--
David Rutten
david@mcneel.com…
t defined from the discussion of radiation exchange between urban surfaces and the sky in urban heat island research (See Oke's literature list below). It will be affected by the proportion of sky visible from a given calculation point on a surface (vertical or horizontal) as a result of the obstruction of urban geometry, but it is not entirely associated with the solid angle subtended by the visible sky patch/patches.
So, I think using "geometry way" to approximate Sky View Factor is not correct. Sky View Factor calculation shall be based on the first principle defining the concept: radiation exchange between urban surface and sky hemisphere:
(image extracted from Johnson, G. T., & Watson, 1984)
Therefore, I always refer to the following "theoretical" Sky View Factors calculated at the centre of an infinitely long street canyon with different Height-to-width ratios in Oke's original paper (1981) as the ultimate benchmark to validate different methods to calculate SVF:
So, I agree with Compagnon (2004) on the method he used to calculate SVF: a simple radiation (or illuminance) simulation using a uniform sky.
The following images are the results of the workflow I built in the procedural modeling software Houdini (using its python library) according to this principle by calling Radiance to do the simulation and calculation, and the SVF values calculated for different canyon H/W ratios (shown at the bottom of each image) are very close to the values shown in Oke's paper.
H/W=0.25, SVF=0.895
H/W=1, SVF=0.447
H/W=2, SVF=0.246
It seems that the Sky View Factor calculated from the viewAnalysis component in Ladybug is not aligned with Oke's result for a given H/W ration: (GH file attached)
According to the definition shown in this component, I assume the value calculated is the percentage of visible sky which is a geometric calculation (shooting evenly distributed rays from sensor point to the sky and calculate the ratio of rays not blocked by urban geometry?), i.e solid angle subtended by visible sky patches, and it is not aligned with the original radiation exchange definition of Sky View Factor.
I'd suggest to call this geometrically calculated ratio of visible sky "Sky Exposure Factor" which is "true" to its definition and way of calculation (see the paper on Sky Exposure Factor below) so as to avoid confusion with "The Sky View Factor based on radiation exchange" as discussed in urban climate literature.
Appreciate your comments and advice!
References:
SVF: definition based on first principle
Oke, T. R. (1981). Canyon geometry and the nocturnal urban heat island: comparison of scale model and field observations. Journal of Climatology, 1(3), 237-254.
Oke, T. R. (1987). Boundary layer climates (2nd ed.). London ; New York: Methuen.
Johnson, G. T., & Watson, I. D. (1984). The Determination of View-Factors in Urban Canyons. Journal of American Meteorological Society, 23, 329-335.
Watson, I. D., & Johnson, G. T. (1987). Graphical estimation of sky view-factors in urban environments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY, 7(2), 193-197. doi: 10.1002/joc.3370070210
Papers on SVF calculation:
Brown, M. J., Grimmond, S., & Ratti, C. (2001). Comparison of Methodologies for Computing Sky View Factor in Urban Environments. Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA: Los Alamos National Laboratory.
SVF calculation based on first principle:
Compagnon, R. (2004). Solar and daylight availability in the urban fabric. Energy and Buildings, 36(4), 321-328.
paper on Sky Exposure Factor:
Zhang, J., Heng, C. K., Malone-Lee, L. C., Hii, D. J. C., Janssen, P., Leung, K. S., & Tan, B. K. (2012). Evaluating environmental implications of density: A comparative case study on the relationship between density, urban block typology and sky exposure. Automation in Construction, 22, 90-101. doi: 10.1016/j.autcon.2011.06.011
…
you may know, PCS (from now I will call polar coordinate system with PCS, and cartesian one with CCS) describes point position with 2 values (like x and y in CCS) which are r and theta(r,theta). r is for distance from PCS center, theta is angular dimension which is in 0 to 360 or 0 to 2*pi domain.
To hark back to David's guide line - here it is replaced with guide circle.
Why to sort points like this ? As usual, one image tells more...
Here is logic behind all this stuff :
Find an average point of all given points*
Search for furthest point from an average point*
Create a circle with center at average point and radius = distance from average point to furthest point*
*Steps 1-3 can be replaced with custom hand-made circle, I decided to automate it that way.
For each point find closest point on circle - this will be used for finding theta value
For each point find distance to average point - this is r value
To overcome problem with same theta (t) values (like same x values in CCS), instead of multiplying by 1000, we will use a new create set component. This component creates set of integers, each one representing one unique input value. So if points A, B, C, D, E are (r,theta) :
A (1, 30)
B (2, 30)
C (3, 30)
D (1, 45)
E (1, 60)
Then create set will output list of integers = 0,0,0,1,2 (same theta for A, B, C other theta for D and E). Now its getting really easy - remap r values to domain 0 to 0.5 (or any less then 1), and add integers from create set component to remapped r values.
7. So what we have now is list of floating point numbers : A=0, B=0.25, C=0.5, D=1, E=2
Profit of remapping is that r values will never affect integers representing theta values - and all the information is stored in one floating point number ! By sorting these values we will obtain proper order of points - to complete this, we need to sort points parallel with values.
What's really cool about polar sorting - there could be any amount of points, but polyline connecting all of them will never self-intersect. Probably there is some relation with 2d convex hull.…
.. then you put (or drill) rather "canonical" patterns that formulate the inner/outer skin (or both).
2. The above approach hits 3 walls: (a) very slow response (Rhino is a surface modeller) (b) booleans/fillets potential issues (Rhino is a surface modeller) (c) a potential aesthetic antithesis between the liberty of the "whole" VS the "strict" rules of the "details".
3. Since you opt to work with Rhino It could be worth considering playing his own game: deforming surfaces that is ... by working against control points or via the Morph methods. Then join them and get the decorative thingy as "solid".
Images below are from a C# that actually gets the control points of Surfaces in Lists and "deforms" them according a gazillion of options (a) via any "on-the-fly" defined pattern (Take or skip this control point: shift branches/items that is) (b) using any number of attractors in any push/pull mode (c) using chaotic vector values (d) using ... well too many ways to list them here.
Imagine what the Alien cuppa def does (modifies "diagonally" control points) ... multiplied by 1000.…
. From the Thermal Comfort Indices component, Comfort Index 11 (TCI-11):MRT = f(Ta, Tground, Rprim, e)
with:- Ta = DryBulbTemperature coming from ImportEPW component- Tground = f(Ta, N) where N comes from totalSkyCover input. Tground influences the long-wave radiation emitted by the ground in the MRT calculation.- Rprim defined as solar radiation absorbed by nude man = f(Kglob, hS1, ac)- ac is the clothingAlbedo in % (bodyCharacteristics input)- I can't find any definition in the code of Kglob and hS1. Could you tell me please what are those values referencered to? --> probably the globalHorizontalRadiation but how?- e = vapour pressure calculated from Ta and Relative Humidity input
Do you agree that in this case the MRT does not depend on these inputs: location, meanRadiantTemperature, dewPointTemperature and wind speed?It does not depend neither on the other bodyCharacteristics like bodyPosture, age, sex, met, activityDuration...?
MRT calculated by the TCI-11 method is the mean radiant temperature of a vector pointing vertically with a sky view factor of 100%?For ParisOrly epw,
2. From the SolarAdjustedTemperature component (that seems to be more used for the UTCI calculation examples on Hydra compared to TCI-11).
In contrast to the TCI-11, this component distinguishes diffuse and direct radiation and contextualizes the calculation thanks to _ContextShading input, right? It can also be applied to a mannequin thanks to the CumSkyMatrix and thus evaluate the dishomogeneity of radiation exposure.This component seems not to consider the influence of vapour pressure on the result --> is it then more precise to put the MRT output (from the TCI) as an input of meanRadTemperature for SolarAdjustedTemperature?The default groundReflectivity is set to 0.25 --> is GroundReflectivity taken into account in the Tground or MRT calculation in the TCI component? If yes, what is the hypothesised groundReflectivity?The default clothing albedo of 37% (TCI-11 bodyCharacteristics) corresponds to Clothing Absorptivity of 63%?
If the CumSkyMatrix input is not supplied, I get 9 results for the mannequin --> where are those points/results coming from?
If the CumSkyMatrix input is supplied,I suppose the calculation of the 482 results correspond to a calculation method similar to the radiation analysis component that is averaged over the analysis period. Right?But I don't understand why the mannequin is composed of 481 faces and meshFaceResult gives 482 results.
Finally, what is the link between the MESH results, the solarAdjustedMRT and the Effective Radiant field ? Is there a paper to have a detailed explanation of the method?
3. Here are some results for the ParisOrly energyplus weather data. You can find here attached the grasshopper definition.There is no shading in this simulation and the result coming from the ThermalComfort indices for MRT is very different compared to the solar adjusted MRT.Why such a big difference and which of the result should be plugged into the UTCI calculation component?
Results for ParisOrly.epwM,D,H:1,1,12
Ta : 6.5°Crh: 100%globalHorizontalRadiation: 54 Wh/m2totalSkyCover: 10MRT (TCI-11): 1.2°C
_CumSkyMtxOrDirNormRad = directNormalRadiation : 0 Wh/m2diffuseHorizontalRad: 54 Wh/m2_meanRadTemp = TasolarAdjustedMRT: 10.64°CMRTDelta: 4.14°C
_CumSkyMtxOrDirNormRad = CumulativeSkyMtxdiffuseHorizontalRad: 54 Wh/m2_meanRadTemp = TasolarAdjustedMRT: 10.47°CMRTDelta: 3.97°C
_CumSkyMtxOrDirNormRad = CumulativeSkyMtxdiffuseHorizontalRad: 54 Wh/m2_meanRadTemp = MRT (TCI-11)solarAdjustedMRT: 5.17°CMRTDelta: 3.97°C
Thanks a lot for your helpRegards,
Aymeric
…
ices" which i found very intresting , I have your thesis and it will be the base of my futur work, I'm a graduate student in bioclimatic architecture and environment in Constantine -Algeria , I will prepare a thesis for my master degree in the theme of " parametric design, the dynamic envelope and intelligent façade" and really I need your help, if you can send me your work in grasshopper in(.ghx) mentioned in the "APPENDIX D SOLAR CONTROL VISUAL DEFINITION "(GRASSHOPPER),because i can't download it from the web site , I'm juste a beginner in grasshopper so I want to master the link between all the elements ,for this reason I would like to master your exemple in grasshopper as beginning , and I'll work with daylighting + thermal comfort in my thesis which is the continuity of your work, can you share your exemple with me please ? and why did you choose a 200 btu/ft² as a limits for direct normal irradiance , what is the formula ? I'm waiting for your response because it's so importante for my work , and i promise you , i will put your name in my references . thank you karla. the files needed are: the part which contains: 1-Solar Irradiance / TMY3 Excel Data (in grasshopper) 2-:Surface Geometry Analysis / Grid Pattern Selection (in grasshopper) 3-: Solar Profile Angles (in grasshopper)
4- Shading Geometry Profile Angles (in grasshopper) …