umbrella of Urban Heat Island (UHI) and I am going to try to separate them out in order to give you a sense of the current capabilities in LB+HB.
1) UHI as defined as a recorded elevated air temperature in an urban area:
If you have access to epw files for both an urban area and a rural area, you can use Ladybug to visualize and deeply explore the differences between the two weather files. Ladybug is primarily a tool for weather file visualization and analysis and it can be very helpful for understanding the consequences of UHI on strategies for buildings or on comfort. This said, if you do not have both rural and urban recorded weather data or you want to generate your own weather files based on criteria about urban areas (as it sounds like you want to do), this definition might not be so helpful.
2) UHI defined by air elevated air temperature but viewed as a computer model-able phenomenon resulting primarily from urban canyon geometry, building materials, and (to a lesser degree) anthropogenic heat:
This definition seems to fit more with they type of thing that you are looking for but it is unfortunately very difficult and computationally intensive such that we do not currently have anything within Ladybug to do this right now. I can say that the state-of-the art for this type of modeling is an application called Town Energy Budget (TEB) and this is what all of the advanced UHI researches that I know use (http://www.cnrm.meteo.fr/surfex/spip.php?article7). Unfortunately for those trying to use it in professional practice, it can take a while to get comfortable with it and it currently runs exclusively on Linux (this does mean that it is open source, though, and that you can really get deep into the assumptions of the model). A couple years ago, a peer of mine translated almost all of TEB into Matlab language making it possible to run it on Windows if you have Matlab. He wrapped everything together into a tool called the Urban Weather Generator (UWG), which can take an epw file of a rural area and warp it to an urban area based on inputs that you give of building height, materials, vegetation, anthropogenic heat, etc. I would recommend looking into this for your project, although, bear in mind that is it not open source like the original TEB tool and that you may need to get a (very expensive) copy of MATLAB (http://urbanmicroclimate.scripts.mit.edu/uwg.php).
3) UHI as defined by a thermal satellite image of an urban area depicting an elevated average radiant environment that reaches a maximum a the city center and changes by land use:
This is the definition of UHI that I am most familiar with and was the basis of much of my past research. I feel that it is also a definition of UHI that is a bit more in line with where a lot of contemporary UHI research is headed, which is away from the notion of UHI as a macro-scale meteorological phenomena that is averaged as an air temperature over a huge area towards one that accepts that different land uses have different microclimates and (importantly) different radiant environments. While the air temperature difference between urban and rural areas usually does not change more than 1-4 C, the radiant environment can be very different (on the order of 10-15 C differences). The best way to understand UHI in this context is with Thermal satellite images, for which there is ha huge database of publicly available data on NASA's glovis website (http://glovis.usgs.gov/) or their ECHO website (http://reverb.echo.nasa.gov/reverb/#utf8=%E2%9C%93&spatial_map=satellite&spatial_type=rectangle). I tend to use thermal data from LANDSAT 5-8 and ASTER satellites in my research. Unfortunately, there is a lot f bad data with a lot of cloud cover mixed in with the really good stuff and it can take some time to find good images. Also, there aren't too many programs that read the GeoTiff file format that you download the data as. I know that ArcGIS will read it, a program called ENVI will read it (I think that the open source QGIS can also red it). I have plans to write a set of components to bring this type of data into Rhino and GH (I may get to it a few months down the line).
4) UHI as a computer model-able notion of "Urban Microclimate" with consideration of local differences and the local radiant environment:
This is where a lot of my research has lead and, thankfully, is an area that Honeybee can help you out a lot with. EnergyPlus simulations can output information on outside building surface temperatures and these can be very helpful in helping get a sense of the radiant environment around individual buildings. Right now, I am focusing just on using this data to fully model the indoor environments of buildings as you see in this video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fNylb42FPIc&list=UUc6HWbF4UtdKdjbZ2tvwiCQ
I have plans to move this methodology to the outdoors once I complete this initial application to the indoors. For now, you can use the "Surface result reader" and the "color surfaces based on EP result" components to get a sense of variation in the outside temperature of your buildings.
I hope that this helped,
-Chris
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dello spazio. In dipendenza dal proprio modo di interazione ambientale, gli edifici possono essere distrubuiti e/o aggregati in modalità appropriate in modo da accumulare o disperdere gli effetti della loro interazione e il proprio impatto sull'evoluzione delle relazioni future. A livelli più bassi si può, ad esempio, considerare la distribuzione di componenti o caratteristiche lungo un involucro.
Approcci basati su unità funzionali operano una proliferazione basata sulla ripetizione indifferenziata e insensibile all'ambiente, risultando in una discretizzazione di matrice convenzionale e nella separazione tra edifici, edifici e contesto o spazi interni ed esterni; un diverso tipo di approccio, basato sulla condizione (termine usato nella sua doppia accezione di indicatore dinamico della tendenza di sviluppo dell'ecosistema e in quella causale – if a then b), introduce una forma di proliferazione che sfida e scioglie la dicotomia artificiale: molte piante crescono ovunque le condizioni portino ad esse beneficio, senza riguardo per limiti codificati nello spazio in cui si sviluppano. Le implicazioni sulla negoziazione dello spazio e sulla definizione di soglia sono notevoli; il sistema produce un campo armonicamente articolato e differenziato di fenotipi a partire dal genotipo attraverso un processo di "estetica delle forze" guidata attraverso lo strumento digitale.
A livello urbano questo può tradursi nella proliferazione di infrastrutture o di spazi che mettono in discussione la concezione statica di "confine" e "unità" in favore di modelli in grado di generare una gamma più estesa di inflessioni tra livelli di complessità e indirizzarli per abilitare e rendere accessibili potenzialità d'uso a loro volta articolate e complesse.
Il tema sarà dipanato attraverso le giornate del workshop sviluppando aspetti teorici e tecnici dell'approccio parametrico generativo, con particolare attenzione a strategie di design urbano basate su caratteristiche endogene (vincoli interni del sistema) ed esogene (fattori ambientali) allo scopo di stimolare l'esplorazione di soluzioni sistemiche innovative.
Il numero dei partecipanti è stabilito tra le 15 e le 20 persone per offrire un tutoraggio proficuo ed una effettiva esperienza di learning ad ogni iscritto.
[.] Temi
. teoria
. condizione, genotipo/fenotipi, transizione, mappatura, eleganza, sensibilità, spazio
. tecnica
. dati:gestione, manipolazione, visualizzazione
. generazione di geometria da dati
. logiche parametriche applicate al design
. genotipo/fenotipi
. attrattori, mappers, drivers e tecniche di modulazione
[.] Dettagli
Istruttori: Alessio Erioli + Andrea Graziano + Davide Del Giudice – Co-de-iT (GH & design tutors).
Si richiede esperienza di base nella modellazione in Rhino (equivalente a Rhino training Level 1, il Level 2 è gradito – la documentazione per il training è disponibile gratuitamente all'indirizzo: http://download.rhino3d.com/download.asp?id=Rhino4Training&language=it).
Luogo :
presso NETFORM – via Alessandro Cialdi 7, Roma
Orario :
9.00-18.00.
info:
info@a-m-u-r-i.it
Phone:
+39 338 4201162
iscrizioni:
http://www.cesarch.it/…
Rhino Trainer), Davide Lombardi, Maurizio Arturo Degni
tariffa EarlyBird per gli iscritti entro il 28 Marzo 2015
INFO: http://www.arturotedeschi.com/wordpress/?project=form-finding-strategies-avanzato
La simulazione fisica interattiva, integrata nell’ambito della modellazione parametrica consente di indagare nuove soluzioni formali ottimizzate per l’architettura ed il design. Il workshop approfondirà le strategie e le principali tecniche di FORM FINDING utilizzando il motore fisico KANGAROO integrato a plugin di analisi strutturale (MILLIPEDE e KARAMBA). Le tecniche saranno applicate a diversa scala: dall’architettura (modellazione di superfici e coperture a semplice compressione) al design del prodotto, dove la simulazione digitale sarà integrata a tecniche di refinement (WEAVERBIRD). Il workshop e rivolto a studenti e professionisti con conoscenze base di modellazione algoritmica con Grasshopper.
Il programma approfondirà le metodologie e gli strumenti atti ad individuare soluzioni strutturali ottimizzate (es. superfici a semplice compressione) attraverso un’ampia trattazione di casi studio (Ponte sul Basento, Copertura British Museum) e l’applicazione di tecniche digitali basate sul form-finding gravitazionale e l’analisi FEM (Finite Element Method). Nella seconda parte del corso gli studenti affronteranno lo studio di innovative tecniche di ottimizzazione (Evolutionary Structural Optimization ed Extended Evolutionary Structural Optimization) basate sulla eliminazione della materia ridondante per una geometria assegnata, caratterizzata da un determinato sistema di vincoli, sottoposta ad una specifica condizione di carico.
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f my list.I don't understand why, but I guess I must be too young user ^^In the original list, i have a path {0;0;0;4} with two index and after the random node, {0;0;0;4} has 88 index.Items are not correct?I would have a comparable structure has the right list on my jpg (photomontage...)How I can do that?Thank you in advance
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luppo del rapporto tra informazione e geometria. Si lavorerà su sistemi ad involucro in condizioni specifiche e i partecipanti impareranno a costruire e sviluppare strutture di dati parametrici per informare geometrie ‘data-driven’ ed estrarre le informazioni rilevanti da tali modelli per il processo di costruzione.
Tutors: Arch. Andrea Graziano (Co-de-iT) Arch. Salvo Pappalardo (Studio AION_architecture)
Informazioni complete e iscrizioni...
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writing a solar-angle component, but I've never gotten around to that.
Dates are stored as 64-bit integers. Basically they count Ticks (1 tick = 100 nanoseconds, or 1 second = 10 million ticks) since midnight, January 1st, 1 AD. Formatting comes into play only when the time is represented as a String.
A wide variety of formatting flags is possible Dates, unfortunately the Grasshopper Expression language doesn't support the DateTime type, so it gets converted to Strings automatically. This makes formatting dates and times impossible. I'll probably get around to adding the type at some point, or maybe I'll make a dedicated DateTime formatter component (less work, but also less flexible).
I also do my best to interpret any string that might represent a date or a time:
--
David Rutten
david@mcneel.com
Poprad, Slovakia…
catch-all phrases that pick up all of the rest of it: you have inputs, algorithms, and outputs.
It sounds like you don't necessarily want to wade into the miasma of academic reflection on the terminology, but in case you're willing to hold your nose and brave it there is some fairly interesting stuff out there. Nick's point about computation versus computerization is pretty reflective of a common mode of thinking about it. AD published a book edited by Sean Ahlquist and Achim Menges a couple years back called "Computational Design Thinking" and their introduction lays out a compelling argument for the distinction. Likewise Philip Galanter's paper "What is Generative Art? Complexity Theory as a Context for Art Theory" is a good read.
I mean, ultimately it's about semantics. If you're worried about "real, accurate meaning" the reality is you're going to have to justify the boundaries of your own definition one way or another. David is rather a wry literalist who I suspect enjoys taking the piss out of academics, particularly when they're all puffed up (and really, every event is a form of computation if you want to go there). But usage counts, and there's a growing body of work staking claim to these terms, so it's better to know how and why if you even want to ask the question.…
Added by David Stasiuk at 2:01pm on November 28, 2013