Horticulture and Landscape in same time.
The most common plastic materials used as agricultural films are the low density polyethylene (LDPE, with a density less than 0.93 kg m−3), the copolymer of ethylene and vinyl-acetate (EVA)
Also here you can find the characteristics of the flexible materials for greenhouse covers (adapted from CPA, 1992 and Tesi, 2001) as much as i get.
UV-PE Film ( UV-PE~ polyethylene Long life or UV)
Thickness (mm) = 0.18
Direct PAR transmissivity (%) = 90
Diffuse PAR transmissivity (%)= 86
Long-wave IR transmissivity (%)= 65
EVA Film ( EVA~Ethylene vinyl-acetate copolymer)
Thickness (mm) = 0.18
Direct PAR transmissivity (%) = 90
Diffuse PAR transmissivity (%)= 76
Long-wave IR transmissivity (%)= 27
and here you will find the global heat transfer coefficient’ (K in W m−2 °C−1) for the above greenhouse covering materials, measured under normalized conditions (temperatures: exterior: −10°C, interior: +20°C, wind: 4 m s−1). (Source: Nisen and Deltour, 1986.)
Cover Clear sky Overcast Sky
Single PE 8.8-9.0 7.1- 7.2
Single EVA 7.8 6.6
Note : the PAR radiation (photosynthetically active or photoactive radiation and its the amounts to 45–50% of the global radiation; Berninger, 1989)
The name PAR is used to designate the radiation with wavelengths useful for plant photosynthesis. It is accepted that the PAR radiation ranges from 400 to 700 nm (McCree, 1972), although some authors consider the PAR from 350 to 850 nm.
The composition of the radiation changes with time, as a function of the Sun’s elevation and the cloudiness. When the Sun is low over the horizon, the short wavelengths are reduced (less UV and more red). The clouds reduce the amount of energy, greatly decreasing the NIR.
The PAR proportion in relation to the global radiation increases with scattering (diffusion). It is lower with clear sky and in the summer (45–48%).
kind regards
rafat …
ll-Facade using Rhino and Grasshopper Participants will learn; Rhinoceros Grasshopper Advanced Parametric Design Brick Formations and Explorations Shadow-Design Relationship
Session 2: Advanced Digital Modeling for Additive Manufacturing (3D Printing) Participants will learn; How to prepare a 3D design to 3D Printing process in Rhinoceros Advanced Methods for 3D Print optimisation for time and cost effective production 3D Printing software education Cura
INFO
Date Saturday, 28 September 2019 Schedule 9:30am – 2:30pm (Session 1) | 2:45pm – 7:00pm (Session2) Venue (TBC) Pada Labs, Istanbul Language English/Turkish Softwares Rhinoceros Grasshopper 3D Cura Participants will need to bring their own laptops with software installed; other plugins will be distributed at the workshop. Prerequisites All tutorials are open to beginner level. No previous knowledge of Cura and Grasshopper needed. Basic knowledge of Rhinoceros recommended. Participation The workshop is limited to the first 20 applicants. Each student will receive a certificate of participation. Prices for each session: (You can pick one and attend one) Special Early registration (Deadline 1 August ) Students 310 TL Professionals 400 TL Regular registration Students 390 TL Professionals 480 TL Prices for Session 1&2 Combined: (Full Day) Special Early registration (Deadline 1 August ) Students 540 TL Professionals 690 TL Regular registration Students 620 TL Professionals 790 TL DISCOUNTS Group registration of 3 or more people will get a 15% discount. * Previous Pada workshop students will get a 10% discount. DIRECTOR Begum Aydinoglu, M.Arch AA DRL will be instructing and directing the following workshops. REGISTRATION: Email to pada.workshops@gmail.com for registration instructions. Please note that we have limited seats and there won't be any exceptions. …
ino Mc Neel, autore di "Architettura Parametrica - Introduzione a Grasshopper", il primo manuale su Grasshopper. I corsi PLUG IT nascono dalla volontà di promuovere le nuove tecnologie digitali di supporto alla progettazione e condividere il know-how maturato attraverso ricerca, collaborazione con i più importanti studi di architettura e pubblicazioni internazionali. Verranno introdotte le nozioni base di Grasshopper approfondendo le metodologie della progettazione parametrica e le tecniche di modellazione algoritmica per la generazione di forme complesse. Il corso è rivolto a studenti e professionisti con esperienza minima nella modellazione 3D e si articolerà in lezioni teoriche ed esercitazioni. Argomenti trattati: - Introduzione alla progettazione parametrica: teoria, esempi, casi studio - Grasshopper: concetti base, logica algoritmica, interfaccia grafica - Nozioni fondamentali: componenti, connessioni, data flow - Funzioni matematiche e logiche, serie, gestione dei dati - Analisi e definizione di curve e superfici - Definizione di griglie e pattern complessi - Trasformazioni geometriche, paneling - Attrattori, image sampler - Data tree: gestione di dati complessi - Digital fabrication: teoria ed esempi - Nesting: scomposizione di oggetti tridimensionali in sezioni piane per macchine CNC Verrà rilasciato un attestato finale. INFO E PRENOTAZIONI: http://www.arturotedeschi.com/wordpress/?p=2888…
Refinement component at first, possibly using MeshMachine instead which is slow but actually gives many fewer triangles and adaptive meshing for tight curves too. Neither are easy to adjust on a deadline!
Then you have to sneak up on workable settings, using only a few lines, or Grasshopper will freeze perhaps indefinitely for 200 lines with extreme settings, especially the CS (Cube Size) setting that can blow up into a huge number if your scale is big.
Cocoon gives lots of nearly flat split quad faces so I quadrangulated those for fun:
Or MeshMachine can refine the mesh to make it efficient:
Whereas the Cocoon Refine component will merely return an equally fine mesh with more equilateral triangles but no serious remeshing to rid so many tiny triangles where they are not needed? Actually, it does seem to remesh also:
David said he used some of Daniel's MeshMachine code in there.…
rld.wolfram.com/EnnepersMinimalSurface.html
when i type the equations for z,y,z it says a syntax error so i obviously do not understand how to construct an expression. (screen capture attached)
Any help/explanation of using this function would be greatly appreciated
thanks so much
Capture.JPG…
eñadores, y creativos interesados en el aprendizaje de metodos avanzados de generación y racionalización de geometría compleja, y su implementación en distintas etapas del proceso de diseño.
Se abordaran los conceptos básicos para hacer frente a diversas problemas de diseño a través de la implementación de una serie de plataformas computacionales con el objetivo de construir un flujo de trabajo que permita optimizar proyectos de diversa escala y explorar esquemas geometricos complejos de manera rápida y eficiente.A lo largo del 6 dias trabajaremos con la plataforma de Modelado 3d Rhinoceros, el entorno de programación visual de Grasshopper y el motor de Renderizado de Vray.Estudiantes: $4,500.00Profesionistas: $5,500.00info+inscripciones:workshop@complexgeometry.com[044] 33 3956 9209[044] 33 1410 8975[044] 81 1916 8657
…
t the maximum potential with the bridge BIM+PARAMETRIC DESIGN ;D
During this Intense Week, we will learn about the power of Rhino + Grasshopper + ArchiCAD with Professional and Useful examples for our Normal Working day :D
You will get Advanced Library Files + Personal Web + Knowledge and Skills to start using this incredible Methodology ;D
Also, the week is having Lectures from different Experts sharing their Computational Working Experiences ;D And Jam Sessions! opening the door to 5 interesting topics to research, learn and experiment together :D
2020 is your YEAR ;D !!!
Complete details and registration……
mers considering extreme sports reject mainstream retailers and like to check out small stores rather of at chains plus malls. Several smaller retailers discuss trends in sports shoe sales. http://skateszone.com/
Though athletic shoes and sports stores and from doorways retailers have reported somewhat uptick in footwear sales due to the increase in extreme sports, the particular beneficiaries inside the trend are independent surf and skate niche stores.
Some West Coast surf and skate shops stated teenagers and even more youthful Generation Xers are not only rejecting traditional sports, but they're also shunning mainstream retailers and malls meant for smaller niche shops transporting hard-to-come-by brands.
Eddie Miyoshi, district manager at Atomic Garage, a 3-store chain situated in Gardena, Calif., stated the soaring recognition of skateboard footwear has boosted the retailer's total footwear business 20-thirty percent this year, rather of '95.
Skate footwear presently represent 80-90 % of Atomic Garage's shoe sales, while couple of years back, Dr. Martens and Timberland drove the retailer's footwear business.
Like many retailers, Miyoshi pointed to Airwalk since the trend's catalyst.
However, if Airwalk broadened its distribution to larger chains, which are frequently located in malls, only a few skate shoe customers adopted. Rather, many youthful males have switched for your skate shops for additional elusive brands like Etnies, Duffs, and Electricity Footwear by Circus. By refusing to market bigger retailers or sports stores, these brands are increasing their cachet among youthful consumers.
"Kids don't want stuff which have been within the shops,In . Miyoshi added.
Searching ahead, Miyoshi forecasted skate shoe sales will remain strong through spring '97 provided "the [hot] vendors don't auction other [non-particularly shop] retailers."
"Skaters and non-skaters are rebelling against mainstream retailers so on to surf and skate shops for many looks," echoed Mark Richards, co-online sources Val Surf, a 3-store chain situated in North Hollywood, Calif. Soaring sales of skate footwear have driven total footwear receipts up 25 percent this year rather of '95.
"The quantity of that increase might be connected while using exposure of maximum games? I am unsure. [Skate footwear] may also be actually the think about the moment,In . Richards acknowledged. And in relation to getting this right look, youthful customers can be very picky.
"Skateboard footwear is a huge category for people, but we're not able to own the brands, Etnies, Duffs, Electricity and Nice, simply because they won't sell us," stated Mark Anderson, buyer at Chick's Sports, a six-store chain in Covina, Calif. "We have people coming every single day requesting them." Consequently, skate footwear have consistently ongoing to obtain about 5 % of Chick's overall footwear business. http://skateszone.com/the-top-8-best-skateboards-for-beginners-reviews-2017/
Nonetheless, some outdoors, niche sports and sports retailers are noting the growing recognition and coverage of maximum sports will receive a modest impact on footwear sales. Trailrunning footwear and approach/outdoors crosstrainers will be the two groups benefiting the very best inside the recognition. Like the skate shoe business, some retailers realize that styling instead of function frequently drives sales of individuals footwear.
"At this time the merchandise is a lot more visual than function," stated Chet James, gm of Super Jock 'N Jill, Dallas, speaking about trailrunning footwear. Still, James noted the current hype over adventure sports helps draw more customer traffic. "The marketing campaigns and media help bring growing figures of people in, nonetheless they frequently occasions day an issue that increases results on their own account,Inch he conceded.
John Wilkinson, executive vp inside the 85-store chain Track 'N Trail, Eldorado Hillsides, Calif., stated the shop has "seen some activity in approach footwear," but he requested the amount of consumers depend in it commercially sport. And, instead of accelerating total footwear business, Wilkinson speculated elevated sales of approach footwear and trailrunners are gnawing away at traditional hiking shoe and boot volume.
But Dan Bazinet, president of Overland Exchanging, a 34-store chain situated in Westford, Mass., believes the company-new looks have breathed existence for the wilting hiking boot category. "[Approach-type footwear] don't represent the lion's participate the hiking market, nonetheless they have elevated the hiking business and provided us extra sales," Bazinet stated.
He designated Timberland's Treeline Series and Rockport's Leadville line as strong performers. Unsurprisingly, he noted the company-new looks are attractive to youthful consumer base than traditional hikers.
For that month of June, sales of men's hikers were up 49 percent at Overland, rather of June '95, while sales of women's hikers were up 17 % for that month. Bazinet also attributed elevated sales that shops walked inside the hiking business, departing that business for that specialists.
Some retailers draw a good example concerning the hiking boom of two yrs ago combined with the current extreme sport phenomenon. "Plenty of bigger chains will get a specific percent in the industry while [extreme] sports remain a fad because they are selling cost-point type gear," described Steven Carre, assistant hard goods buyer at Adventure 16, a six-store chain situated in Hillcrest.
"However individuals [true enthusiasts] will say `we need real gear' and may shown up at us. That will help us after a while. What Size Skateboard good for an 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 year old
…
inventive collaborative environment.
The workshop is part of a series of PARAMETRICA events, promoting computational design thinking and exploring the new possibilities of parametric design.
The workshop is aimed at: students, postgraduates, architects, interior, product and urban designers, engineers, anybody interested.
> Workshop CONCEPT (16th – 28th July 2013):
The advancement of digital technology is helping architects to understand and respond to the complexity of the environment surrounding us.
In this 14 day workshop the various energies which exist in a given environment will be identified, analysed and then digital simulated.
Experimental structures capable of reconfiguring themselves in response to the mapped forces will be generated and fabricated.
> Conference CONCEPT (29th July 2013):
During this day we will present the final workshop projects and our special guest, Patrik Schumacher will exploit the subject of computational design thinking and parametric architecture, by putting the accent on the subject “Parametric Semiology – Architecture as the interface of communication”
> OBJECTIVES:
The workshop objectives are two-fold, in the first phase the workshop focuses on the identification and analysis of resources inherent to the environmental context, thus developing a better understanding of their nature as well as optimized methods of use or response.
In the next phase, the objective is to generate structures which through either means of fabrication or material properties can respond to, or utilize the environmental energy sources.
> The project TEAM:
Key lecturer: PATRIK SCHUMACHER (DE)
Profile: Director, Zaha Hadid Architects, London
Dr Phil, Dip Ing, ARB, RIBA
Founder AA Design Reseach Lab London
Lecturer: Ina Leonte (RO)
Profile: PhDc, teaching assistant (UAIM, Bucharest, Romania)
Co-founder, Zest
Workshop main tutors:
HOOMAN TALEBI [IR]
Profile: MArch (AADRL, London), MSc (AUT, Tehran)
Lead Designer, Zaha Hadid – London
FARSHAD MEHDI’ZADEH [IR]
Profile: March (IaaC-UPC, Barcelona, Spain)
Co-founder, Tehran Architecture Studio (Iran)
Workshop assistant:
MOHSEN MARIZAD [IR]
Profile: MAA 2010 - Architect (IaaC-UPC, Barcelona, Spain)
Parametric design expert
Workshop coordinator: Diana Nitreanu (RO)
Profile: MAA 2010 - Architect/Urban Designer (IaaC-UPC, Barcelona, Spain)
Official Rhino Trainer
Co-founder, Laboratorul de Arhitectura; Co-founder & Tutor, Parametrica
> EQUIPMENT Workshop: Each participant must provide their own laptop with the following software installed: A. Rhinoceros 3D 5.0 B. Grasshopper 3D (Latest Version) C. Arduino
Machines to work on: 1. Laser Cutter - small laser for prototyping 2. Big laser cutter for final production
Materials (provided by Parametrica) - To be specified according to the subject of study for each group;
FOR MORE INFO®ISTRATION:
www.dynamicfields.ro
www.parametrica.ro
office@parametrica.ro
…
will engage a debate on the same theme of the 14th Biennale: "Fundamentals”. Therefore the discussion will focus not on architects, but on buildings, their characteristics and performance in accommodating fundamental requirements.
PROGRAMME
> 10.00
Presentation Aldo Norsa
Iuav - Venice
> 10.20
Architectural Envelopes
Introduction
John Iorio
J&A, Milan
Invited Speakers
Giorgio Buffoni
Arup, London
Sergio De Gaetano
Thornton Tomasetti, London
Ranieri Fontana Giusti
Kpf, New York
Kim Groves
consultant to Morphosis, Los Angeles
Alex Kunz
Gehry Technologies, Los Angeles and Paris
Edmondo Occhipinti
3-im, Paris and Milan
Mic Patterson
Advanced Technology Studios – Enclos, Los Angeles and New York
Lorenzo Vianello AA School of Architecture, London
13.20 > 14.40
Lunch Break (on site)
> 14.40
Interface between Skin and Structure
Franco Mola
Ecsd, Milan
> 15.00
Life Cycle Thinking in Tall Buildings
Dario Trabucco
Ctbuh / Iuav, Venice
> 15.20
Fast Mobility – Vertical amd Horizontal
Leonardo Cavalli
Oneworks, Milan, with a short film produced by Leitner (Vipiteno/Sterzing)*
> 16.00
Living Green in High Rises
Elena Giacomello
Iuav, Venice
> 16.20
Two distinguished speakers illustrate their life long experience in designing and delivering tall buildings:
Dante O. Benini
Founder, Dante O. Benini & Partners Architects, Milan
A.Eugene Kohn
Founder, Kpf – Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates, New York
> 17.40
Conclusions
Renzo Dubbini
Dacc – Iuav, Venice
(Top image: Lamellae Tower by Lorenzo Vianello, Giulia Conti, Huang Shigang, Lin Zhigong)…