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Topic: What are random seed values?: t, let's talk about randomness. Randomness is a problem in computing because digital computers are deterministic. If you give them the exact same instructions they always end up with the exact same result. It turns out to be mathematically impossible to generate true random numbers using a digital computer, but it is fairly easy to generate pseudo-random numbers. This is actually not bad news as pseudo-random numbers -unlike real random numbers- can be generated again and again and you'll end up with the same random numbers every time. Being able to get the same random numbers on demand increases the reliability of these number sequences which in turn makes them easier to use. Pseudo-random numbers are numbers that have certain characteristics. Note that when we talk about random numbers we are really talking about numbers. Plural. It's easy to generate only a single one, as xkcd so eloquently put it: So what are these characteristics that define pseudo-randomness? Without being actually correct, I can sum them up as follows: The sequence of generated numbers should never repeat itself* The numbers in the sequence ought to be spread evenly across the numeric domain** There are a lot of different algorithms out there, some better than others, some faster than others, some solving very specific problems while others are more generic. The generator used in Grasshopper is the standard Microsoft .NET Random, based on Donald Knuth's subtractive algorithm. So let's imagine we want random integers between 0 and 10. What would a bad random sequence look like? 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 (about as bad as it gets) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (not random at all) 1 3 2 5 3 9 1 2 4 2 5 1 1 2 8 1 5 2 3 4 (too many low numbers) 2 8 4 6 0 9 8 2 4 8 6 4 2 2 5 1 4 8 6 2 (too many even numbers) So what about good sequences? Well, here's a few: 6 9 1 2 0 4 2 8 5 7 2 9 1 9 2 5 3 1 9 2 (sure, why not) 6 2 5 3 4 1 9 7 8 0 2 1 6 4 5 8 9 5 0 9 (looks about right) 1 8 5 2 3 4 5 7 9 5 2 1 0 2 1 0 9 7 6 4 (I suppose) 9 0 6 4 8 3 1 5 2 7 6 1 4 6 0 1 9 7 5 6 (whatever) There are a lot of valid pseudo-random sequences. (Seriously, loads). So even if we have a good pseudo-random generator we may be given a random sequence that isn't entirely to our liking. The shorter the sequence we need, the more likely it is that statistical aberrations invalidate that particular sequence for us. What we need is some control over the generator so we don't just get a repeatable sequence, but a repeatable sequence we actually like. Enter seed values. The random generator requires a seed value before it can generate a random sequence. These seed values are always integers, and they can be any valid 32-bit integer. Every unique seed value results in the same sequence. Every time. Unfortunately there is no clear relationship between seeds and sequences. Changing the seed value from 5 to 6 will result in a completely difference random sequence, and two sequences that are very similar may well have to wildly different seeds. There is therefore no way to guess a good seed value, it is completely trial-and-error. Also because of this extremely discontinuous nature, you cannot use tools like Galapagos to optimize a seed value. If you are looking for a pseudo-random sequence which has custom characteristics, you may well end up having to write your own generator algorithm. Ask questions about this on the Grasshopper main forum or the VB/C# forum. Conclusion: Seed values are integers that define the exact sequence of pseudo-random numbers, but there's no way of knowing ahead of time what sequence it will be and there's no way of tweaking a sequence by slightly changing the seed. Even the tiniest change in seed value will result in a radically different random sequence. -- David Rutten david@mcneel.com Poprad, Slovakia * This is not actually possible. A finite amount of numbers always repeats itself eventually. ** This should only be true for long enough sequences, short sequences are allowed to cluster their values somewhat. Interesting links for further reading: Coding Horror: Computers are Louse Random Number Generators StackOverflow: When do random numbers start repeating?…; Added by David Rutten at 9:52am on October 20, 2012

Comment on: Topic 'U count in Surface from Points': cture, Rhino treats them as a single flat list. For example a surface can have 10 rows and 6 columns of control-points, resulting in a list of 60 points. But 10 times 6 isn't the only way to get to 60. If you want to make a surface out of a list of 60 points, you'll also have to tell Rhino how those 60 points should be interpreted in terms of a grid. It could be 2*30, 3*20, 4*15, 5*12, 6*10, and all of the aforementioned products the other way around. Sometimes there's only one way for a number of points to fit into a rectangular grid. For example if you provide 49 points, then 7*7 is the only way to make it work, but these cases are rare so we always demand you give us all the information required to actually make a rectangular grid of control-points from a linear collection. As for "Why is it, sometimes we need to attach additional value into it?", this is usually because when you divide a domain or a curve into N segments, you end up with N+1 points. For example take the domain {0 to 5}, and divide it into 5 equal subdomains. You end up with {0 to 1}, {1 to 2}, {2 to 3}, {3 to 4} and {4 to 5}. However there are six numbers that mark the transitions between these domains 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. This is why you often have to add 1 to the UCount, because the number that controls the UCount often results in N+1 actual points.…; Added by David Rutten at 8:30am on December 25, 2014

Comment on: Topic 'how to conect every 2 points into line when you have a lot of points': the points do not have any logic,they are ramdon.i want to connect them like 1+2, 3+4, 5+6, etc.; Added by wenyu at 3:22am on May 16, 2014

Event: Bio-Skin architecture Workshop I: between internal structural frameworks and non-bearing skin elements, this approach promotes heterogeneity and differentiation of material properties. The project demonstrates the notion of a structural skin using a Voronoi pattern, the density of which corresponds to multi-scalar loading conditions. The distribution of shear-stress lines and surface pressure is embodied in the allocation and relative thickness of the vein-like elements built into the skin. Its innovative 3D printing technology provides for the ability to print parts and assemblies made of multiple materials within a single build, as well as to create composite materials that present preset combinations of mechanical properties. for registration please contact: bioskinarc@gmail.com tel: 09197804306 …; Added by Dr Behrang Eghbali at 4:43pm on August 2, 2012

Topic: Union of two points with a line: t item (see the image), is it possible to do this in another way (quickly) ? Is it possible to divide that curve into 2 separate curves using a point that i've used for the division? Thanks…; Added by luca.pavarin at 4:08pm on January 7, 2010

Topic: Sub List counter: first sublist 3 2 1 values of 2 in my second sublist 1 3 3 2 values of 3 in my third sublist 2 4 5 any ideas about that? thx in advance_…; Added by Moritz Hanshans at 4:27am on October 17, 2012

Video: How to do CONCEPT DESIGN 3D Modelling in Rhino (Part 1 of 3); Beginner Rhino Tutorial: Learn how to develop 3D concept Model in 5 minutes. Simple and easy to learn video tutorial on Rhino 3D modelling for Architecture.; Added by RhinoProf- Rhino Gh Online Tutor at 12:11am on March 27, 2020

Comment on: Topic 'Reordering branches by sorting the length of points connection': ;4}that like original tree structure?? …; Added by Tommy Su at 8:01am on May 3, 2017

Comment on: Topic 'How to calculate outdoor Mean Radiant Temperature using Ladybug/Honeybee': ch windspeed t ~3 decimal places (you don't need more than this for comfort studies). I will say that, for my studies with a couple thousand points, it usually takes 30 seconds for Grasshopper to load up the CSV into the comfort recipe component. So, for 12,000 points, it might take around 3 minutes (assuming that your data is formatted with 3 decimal places). -Chris…; Added by Chris Mackey to Ladybug Tools at 2:37pm on March 17, 2017

Comment on: Topic 'I've posted a question and no one has answered it!': Nice John. 5 comments already, 3 of which may be considered as offensive. With that statistics I wish you best with asking somebody to help you here.; Added by Mateusz Zwierzycki at 5:00pm on July 27, 2012